Порция фейков от российских СМИ о Законе №5670-д «Об обеспечении функционирования украинского языка как государственного».
Порция фейков от российских СМИ о Законе №5670-д «Об обеспечении функционирования украинского языка как государственного».
Российские пропагандистские СМИ традиционно отреагировали на принятие закона, закрепляющего статус украинского языка как единственного государственного, порцией дезинформации и фейков. Среди них как старые, вроде «языковых инспекторов», так и совсем свежие – якобы закон нарушает Минские договоренности.
Фейковую информацию подают в привычном для пропагандистских изданий стиле с использованием пренебрежительных конструкций – «на мове», «в Незалежной», «на Украине». Среди популярных высказываний также – «закон о языковом фашизме», «тотальная украинизация» и другие.
Приводим примеры самых распространенных фейков и их опровержение.
Фейк № 1: За русский язык будут сажать в тюрьму:
Издание «Комсомольская правда» опубликовало текст, в котором собраны различные манипулятивные утверждения, распространялись еще на этапе обсуждения законопроекта. Ключевым тезисом публикации является то, что русскоязычных людей в Украине ждет преследование и уголовная ответственность.
Опровержение:
Нарушение Закона «О языке» не предусматривает уголовной ответственности.
Фейк № 2: При использовании российской штрафовать:
Почти во всех пропагандистских изданиях звучит тезис, что за использование русского языка в госучреждениях будут штрафовать.
Опровержение:
Это утверждение является манипулятивным. Как отмечают авторы общества общественных активистов «Общественный закон о языке 5670-д», активно отстаивающих принятие закона, штрафные санкции будут касаться только нарушений прав граждан на получение услуг на украинском языке в государственных учреждениях и определенных законом публичных сферах.
Штраф для чиновников, которые не сдали экзамен, не предусмотрен.
Фейк № 3: Российскую можно будет использовать только на кухне:
Издание «Комсомольская правда» пишет, что закон ущемляет права русскоязычных людей и запрещает общаться на нем в публичных местах.
Опровержение:
В законе четко указано, что он не распространяется на язык личного общения и язык религиозных обрядов. Закон обязывает широкий круг госслужащих знать украинский язык и использовать ее в работе. Однако закон прямо не указывает на то, на каком языке гражданин должен обращаться в органы власти. Закон прежде всего защищает право русскоязычного жителя получить услугу на украинском языке, но не запрещает общаться в публичных местах на русском.
Фейк № 4: Закон противоречит Минским договоренностям:
Скандально известная пресс-секретарь МИД России Мария Захарова заявила, что закрепление украинского языка как единственного государственного якобы нарушает Минские договоренности.
Опровержение:
Очевидно, что Захарова пытается приравнять холодное до зеленого. Минские договоренности касаются комплекса мер по прекращению огня на востоке Украины. Они никоим образом не связаны со статусом и использованием украинского языка, которые регулирует принятый закон. А единственный государственный язык в Украине – украинский – закреплена еще в Конституции 1996 года.
Фейк №5: На улицах появятся «языковые инспекторы»:
Упоминается популярная страшилка о «языковых инспекторах», которые якобы должны будут контролировать, чтобы русский не звучал в публичном пространстве.
Опровержение:
Закон не предусматривает введения «языковых инспекторов». Идею создания института языковых инспекторов убрали из законопроекта еще ко второму чтению. Впрочем, даже если бы инспекторы были, то они не должны были ходить по улицам и слушать, не говорят ли люди на русском. Предполагалось, что инспекторы должны были реагировать на жалобы граждан о нарушении их прав на обслуживание на украинском. В окончательной версии закона на жалобы реагировать будет Уполномоченный по защите государственного языка.
Фейк № 6: Закон нарушает Конституцию и Хартию региональных языков:
Опровержение:
Закон не нарушает Конституцию Украины, в которой закреплено, что государственным языком является украинский.
Что касается Европейской хартии региональных языков, то закон предоставляет право представителям национальных меньшинств иметь классы или группы в учебных заведениях с преподаванием на родном языке. Закон не запрещает ни один из языков, а лишь способствует всесторонней поддержке украинского.
Фейк № 7: Большинство украинцев говорит на русском:
Часть российских СМИ продолжает использовать миф о том, что русский язык в Украине является языком большинства.
Опровержение:
На самом деле русский считают родным около четверти украинцев. Согласно данным исследования социологической службы Центра Разумкова, проведенного в 2016 году, 69% украинцев считают родным украинский язык и 27% – русский. К тому же прослеживается четкая тенденция к увеличению количества украиноязычных людей. В 2013 году, по данным КМИС, количество украинцев, которые считали родным русский язык, уменьшилось на 13%.
Тактика пропагандистских российских СМИ также сводится к публикациям высказываний известных несимпатиков украинского языка. Например, Елены Бондаренко, Игоря Гужвы, пророссийски настроенных политологов и активистов, а также создания статей на основе выборочных комментариев из соцсетей или опросов случайных людей на улице и подтасовки нужных комментарии для сюжета.
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